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IMRT: Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy

    About the Treatment

    In IMRT computer-controlled linear accelerators are used to deliver precise radiation doses to specific areas. Treatment is planned by using 3-D computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance (MRI) images of the patient along with computerised dosage calculations to determine the dose intensity pattern that will conform to the tumour r shape. Thus, combinations of multiple intensity-modulated fields coming from different beam directions produce a custom tailored radiation dose that maximises tumour dose & prevents damage to the adjacent normal tissues.
    IMRT takes longer treatment time along with additional planning and safety checks. Radiation Therapy, including Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy, stops cancer cells from dividing and growing, therefore slowing/ stopping tumour growth and also eliminating them

    Indications

    • Prostate cancers
    • Head and neck cancer
    • Cancer of central nervous system
    • Rare cases of breast, thyroid, lung, gastrointestinal & gynaecologic malignancies
    • Certain types of sarcomas
    • Paediatric malignancies

  • Patient`s medical history is evaluated by physician
  • Any allergies should be informed.
  • A CT scan is done.
  • If the patient is breastfeeding or might be pregnant, the doctor must be notified.
  • Occasionally, MRI & PET Scan is used for IMRT planning
  • You may require MRI or PET scans
  • Depending on the procedure some of the bowel or bladder preparations are essential
  • The treatment team carefully plans the treatment using the scan images.
  • Advanced computerised dose calculations are used to find the dose strength pattern that best matches the tumour shape.
  • Proper skin marking of the area to be treated is done
  • To keep the treatment area still, moulds and masks are used
  • After this final treatment plan is decided.

  • Multiple treatment sessions are required for IMRT
  • An Informed Consent Form is filled
  • Patient is positioned correctly & moulds are placed accordingly
  • The scanner part of the machine takes a scan before each treatment session.
  • The patient may be asked to hold breath or take shallow breaths during the treatment.
  • The process may take 15 – 30 minutes

  • No specific post-operative care is needed.
  • The patient may require medications to overcome the side effects of radiation therapy.

  • Tiredness or fatigue
  • Skin problems
  • Hair loss in the treatment area
  • Swallowing, eating and digestion problems
  • Diarrhoea
  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Headaches
  • Soreness and swelling in the treatment area
  • Urinary and bladder changes
  • Brain changes
  • Spinal cord changes
  • Lung changes
  • Kidney changes
  • Colon and rectal changes
  • Infertility
  • Joint changes
  • Lymphedema
  • Secondary cancer

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